Chernoles culture

Chernoles culture
Archaeological Cultures, eastern Europe, c. mid 8th century BC

The Chernoles culture is an Iron Age archaeological unit dating ca. 1025–700 BC. It was located in the forest-steppe between the Dniester and Dnieper Rivers, in what is now northern Ukraine. This location corresponds to where Herodotus later placed his Scythian ploughmen. From 200 BC, the culture was overrun by the arrival of Germanic and Celtic settlers to the region.

Features

Chernolian settlements include, both, open and fortified sites surrounded by multiple banks and ditches. Houses were usually surface-dwellings and of substantial size, ~ 10 x 6 m. Artifacts found in settlements include stone and bronze axes, weapons, bronze ornaments, and iron tools. Cult wheat, barley and millet were staples. The economy was agricultural with added stockbreeding. Bronze artefacts betray significant contacts with Scythian nomads, and finds of finer ceramic wares suggest contacts with Thrace and Black Sea Greek colonies. Inhabitants practiced biritual burials: inhumation under barrows and cremation in urnfields (the latter predominated in later periods).

Development

Classical Chernoles period finished c. 500 BC, corresponding to a simplification in the material culture, interpreted to represent a pauperization due to the political domination of the forest-steppe communities by Scythians. In these latter stages, we see an increase in fortified settlements, perhaps representing a defensive measure against the nomads (with earthen ramparts, ditches and timber walls). Despite the difficulties, settlement density actually increases, and the socio-cultural traditions continued.

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Kiev culture — The Kiev culture is an archaeological culture dating from about the third to fifth centuries AD, named after Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is widely considered to be the first identifiable Slavic archaeological culture. It is contemporaneous… …   Wikipedia

  • Przeworsk culture — The Przeworsk culture is part of an Iron Age archaeological complex that dates from the 2nd century BC to the 4th century. It was located in what is now central and southern Poland and parts of eastern Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia ranging… …   Wikipedia

  • Slavic peoples — legend|#004040|South SlavicThe Slavic peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo European peoples, living mainly in Europe. From the early 6th century they spread from their original homeland (most commonly thought to be in Eastern… …   Wikipedia

  • Early Slavs — The early Slavs were a diverse group of tribal societies in Migration period and early medieval Europe (ca. 5th to 10th centuries) whose tribal organizations indirectly created the foundations for today’s Slavic nations (via the Slavic states of… …   Wikipedia

  • Liste archäologischer Kulturen — Diese Liste archäologischer Kulturen ist eine alphabetische Auflistung. Eine geographische oder chronologische Sortierung findet sich hier. Inhaltsverzeichnis A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Celts — Celt redirects here. For other uses, see Celt (disambiguation). This article is about the ancient peoples of Europe. For Celts of the present day, see Celts (modern). Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples …   Wikipedia

  • Dacians — See also: Dacia, Getae, and Thracians Statues of Dacians surmounting the Arch of Constantine[1] (i.e. southern side, left) The Dacians (Latin …   Wikipedia

  • Urheimat — Indo European topics Indo European languages (list) Albanian · Armenian · Baltic Celtic · Germanic · Greek Indo Iranian (Indo Aryan, Iranian) Italic  …   Wikipedia

  • Proto-Indo-European religion — The chariot, as a symbol of social rank and military strength but also mythologically as the sun chariot (Trundholm sun chariot pictured, Nordic Bronze Age, ca. 160 …   Wikipedia

  • Indo-Aryan migration — For other uses, see Indo Aryan migration (disambiguation). Indo European topics Indo European languages (list) Albanian · Armenian · Baltic Celtic · Germanic · Greek Indo Iranian …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”