Owen Chamberlain

Owen Chamberlain
Owen Chamberlain

Owen Chamberlain
Born July 10, 1920(1920-07-10)
San Francisco, California, USA
Died February 28, 2006(2006-02-28) (aged 85)
Berkeley, California, USA
Nationality United States
Fields Physics
Institutions Los Alamos National Laboratory
Alma mater Dartmouth College
University of California, Berkeley
University of Chicago
Known for Particle physics
Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physics, 1959

Owen Chamberlain (July 10, 1920 – February 28, 2006) was an American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his discovery, with collaborator Emilio Segrè, of antiprotons, a sub-atomic antiparticle.

Biography

Born in San Francisco, California, Chamberlain graduated from Germantown Friends School in Philadelphia in 1937. He studied physics at Dartmouth College, where he was a member of Theta Chi Fraternity, and at the University of California, Berkeley. He remained in school until the start of World War II, and joined the Manhattan Project in 1942, where he worked with Segrè, both at Berkeley and in Los Alamos, New Mexico. He married Beatrice Babette Copper (d. 1988) in 1943, with whom he had four children.

In 1946, after the war, Chamberlain continued with his doctoral studies at the University of Chicago under legendary physicist Enrico Fermi. Fermi acted as an important guide and mentor for Chamberlain, encouraging him to leave behind the more prestigious theoretical physics for experimental physics, for which Chamberlain had a particular aptitude. Chamberlain officially received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1949.

In 1948, having completed his experimental work, Chamberlain returned to Berkeley as a member of its faculty, where he, Segrè, and other physicists investigated proton-proton scattering. In 1955, a series of proton scattering experiments led to the discovery of the anti-proton, a particle exactly like a proton except negatively charged. Chamberlain's later research work included the time projection chamber (TPC), and work at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC).

Chamberlain was also politically active on issues of peace and social justice, and outspoken against the Vietnam War. He was a member of Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov, and Shcharansky, three physicists of the former Soviet Union imprisoned for their political beliefs. In the 1980s, he helped found the nuclear freeze movement.

Chamberlain was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 1985, and retired from teaching in 1989. He died of complications from the disease on February 28, 2006, in Berkeley at the age of 85.

References


External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Owen Chamberlain — (* 10. Juli 1920 in San Francisco; † 28. Februar 2006 in Berkeley) war ein US amerikanischer Physiker und Nobelpreisträger. Inhaltsverzeichnis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Owen Chamberlain — Owen Chamberlain …   Wikipedia Español

  • Owen Chamberlain — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Owen et Chamberlain. Owen Chamberlain en 2006. Owen Chamberlain (10 juillet 1 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Physiknobelpreis 1959: Owen Chamberlain — Emilio Gino Segrè —   Die amerikanischen Physiker erhielten den Nobelpreis für den experimentellen Nachweis des Antiprotons.    Biografien   Owen Chamberlain, * San Francisco 10. 7. 1920; während des Zweiten Weltkriegs Mitarbeit an der Entwicklung der Atombombe,… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Chamberlain (surname) — Chamberlain is the surname of: Alec Chamberlain, English football player Alexander Francis Chamberlain, Canadian anthropologist Alex Oxlade Chamberlain, English Football player Ardwight Chamberlain, voice actor Austen Chamberlain (1863–1937),… …   Wikipedia

  • Chamberlain — steht für: Kämmerer in der englischen Sprache Lord Great Chamberlain (Lordkämmerer), Titel eines hochrangigen Amtsträgers der britischen Monarchie Lord Chamberlain of the Household, Titel eines weiteren Amtsträgers der britischen Monarchie… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Owen (Name) — Owen ist ein im englischen Sprachraum verbreiteter Vor und Familienname sowie häufiger Name für Orte, Seen oder Flüsse. Ursprünglich kommt der Name aus der lateinischen bzw. griechischen Sprache: Der Männername Eugenius (Mann aus vornehmen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Chamberlain , Owen — (1920–) American physicist The son of a prominent radiologist, Edward Chamberlain, Owen Chamberlain followed his father s interest in physics. Born in San Francisco, he graduated from Dartmouth College in 1941 and gained his doctorate in physics… …   Scientists

  • Chamberlain — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Chamberlain est un nom commun et un nom propre qui peut désigner : Sommaire 1 Nom commun 2 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Owen — Cet article possède un paronyme, voir : Owens. Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Owen est un nom propre anglais, apparenté à Eugène, de même que …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”