Treaty of London (1913)

Treaty of London (1913)

The Treaty of London was signed on 30 May 1913, to deal with territorial adjustments arising out of the conclusion of the First Balkan War.

History

The combatants were the victorious Balkan League (Serbia, Greece, Bulgaria, and Montenegro) and the defeated Turkey. Representing the Great Powers were Britain, Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

Hostilities had ceased on 2 December 1912. Three principal points were in dispute:

*the status of Albania, which had been overrun by Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece
*the status of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, part of the Old Serbian territories of Raka and Zeta (Duklja), formally under the protection of Austria-Hungary since the Treaty of Berlin in 1878
*the status of the other territories conquered by the Allies: Kosovo; Macedonia; and Thrace

The Treaty was negotiated in London at an international conference which had opened there in December 1912, following the declaration of independence by Albania on 28 November 1912.

Austria-Hungary and Italy strongly supported the creation of an independent Albania. In part, this was consistent with Austria-Hungary's previous policy of resisting Serb expansion to the Adriatic; Italy had designs on the territory, manifested in 1939. Russia supported Serbia and Montenegro. Germany and Britain remained neutral. The balance of power struck between the members of the Balkan League had been on the assumption that Albania would be among the conquered lands shared between them. [ [http://www.zum.de/psm/div/tuerkei/mowat120.php (HIS,P) Treaty of Peace between Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia on the one part and Turkey on the other part. (London) May 17/30, 1913 ] ]

Terms

The terms enforced by the Great Powers were:

*Albania was declared an independent state, with Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece being obliged to withdraw their armed forces.
*The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was divided between Serbia and Montenegro.
*Bulgaria received Thrace, north of the line between Enos on the Aegean Sea and Midia on the Black Sea (see Greater Bulgaria).
*No definitive decision was taken about the division of Macedonia because of disagreements among the allies.

As a result of the shortcomings of the Treaty of London, the Second Balkan War broke out between the combatants in June 1913. A final peace was agreed at the Treaty of Bucharest on 12 August 1913.

References

ee also

*List of treaties
*Treaties of London

External links

* [http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/boshtml/bos145.htm Chronology of the 1913 London Peace Conference]
*http://www.zum.de/psm/div/tuerkei/mowat120.php


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Treaty of London — The Treaty of London may refer to: Treaty of London (1359), which ceded western France to England, repudiated by the Estates General in Paris on 19 May 1359 Treaty of London (1518), a non aggression pact between the major European nations Treaty… …   Wikipedia

  • London Conference of 1913 — The London Conference of 1913 (also known as the London Peace Conference) was an international summit to discuss issues arising from the declaration of independence by Albania during the First Balkan War.HistoryAn armistice to end the First… …   Wikipedia

  • London (disambiguation) — London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom.London may also mean:PlacesPlaces in the United Kingdom*London, the capital city of the United Kingdom **City of London, the small, ancient city (and root of most other Londons) **London… …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Constantinople (1832) — Map showing the original territory of the Kingdom of Greece as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue). The Τreaty of Constantinople was the product of the Constantinople Conference which opened in February 1832 with the participation of… …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Paris (1856) — For other treaties of Paris, see Treaty of Paris. From Auguste Blanchard s copper plate engraving after Edouard Dubufe s Picture …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Balta Liman — The Treaties of Balta Liman were both signed in Balta Liman (near Istanbul) with the Ottoman Empire as one of its signatories. Contents 1 1838 2 1849 3 References 4 See also …   Wikipedia

  • Tratado de Londres (1913) — Mapa que muestra los cambios territoriales ocurridos tras los tratados de Londres (arriba) y Bucarest (abajo), ambos acaecidos en 1913. El tratado de Londres de 1913 fue un acuerdo firmado el 30 de mayo de ese año para concluir con los ajustes… …   Wikipedia Español

  • North Atlantic Treaty — authentication page Type Military Alliance Signed 4 April 1949 Location Washington, D.C. Effective 24 August 1949 Condition …   Wikipedia

  • 1913 — This article is about the year 1913. Millennium: 2nd millennium Centuries: 19th century – 20th century – 21st century Decades: 1880s  1890s  1900s  – 1910s –  1920s   …   Wikipedia

  • Treaty of Waitangi — Infobox document document name=Treaty of Waitangi image width=200px image caption=One of the few extant copies of the Treaty of Waitangi date created=February 6, 1840 date ratified= location of document=Archives New Zealand writer=William Hobson… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”