Roshi

Roshi

nihongo|Roshi|老師 ("Chinese": Laoshi, "Sanskrit": Rishi) is a Japanese honorific title used in Zen Buddhism that literally means "old teacher" or "elder master" and usually denotes the person who gives spiritual guidance to a Zen sangha. Despite the literal meaning, the title has nothing to do with the actual age of the individual who receives it and is used to indicate respect and veneration.

The title is generally granted to an individual who has realized a great understanding of the Dharma, and most roshi have undergone many years of arduous training under a master. Only a roshi may certify another as a roshi. In the Rinzai school of Zen, a monastic becomes a roshi when they have received inka, indicating they have completed of koan study and received Dharma transmission from their master. In the Soto school of Zen, a monastic becomes a roshi when they have received shiho, indicating acknowledgement of actualization of the precepts and receipt of Dharma transmission. In the Sanbo Kyodan school of Zen a lay disciple becomes a roshi when they have received inka, indicating they have passed the koan curriculum and received Dharma transmission. In all cases the title of roshi indicates the person has met the teaching standards and become an independent teacher of their lineage. Most Zen communities in the United States confer the title in line with the protocol related to their Japanese Zen roots, and in most instances it is used synonymously with the term Zen master. [Ogata, 37] [Seager, 107] [Katagiri, 184] [Gard, 193]

Chinese Chan Buddhism uses the semantically related title Shifu (師父, literally "master father" or "father of masters", or 師傅,literally "mater teacher or teacher of masters"; both pronounced shi1fu5) for an honorific title for highest masters, but it also may be used for respectful address to monks and nuns generally.

ee also

*Oshō
*Sensei
*Zen master

Notes

References

*cite book| last =Gard| first =Richard A.| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Buddhism| publisher =Gardners Books| date =2007| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/176932841&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 0548077304
*cite book| last =Katagiri| first =Dainin| authorlink =Dainin Katagiri| coauthors =| title =Returning to Silence: Zen Practice in Daily Life| publisher =Shambhala Publications| date =1988| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16982186&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 0877734313
*cite book| last =Ogata| first =Sohaku| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Zen for the West| publisher =Greenwood Press| date =1975| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/174613475&referer=brief_results| doi =| id = | isbn = 0837165830
*cite book| last =Seager| first =Richard Hughes| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Buddhism In America| publisher =Columbia University Press| date =1999| location =| pages =| url =http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40481142&referer=one_hit| doi =| id = | isbn = 0231108680


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Roshi — Rōshi (jap. 老師; dt. „alter Meister“; chin. 老師, lǎoshī, W. G. lao shih; hgl. 노사, nosa; viet. Lão sư) ist die Bezeichnung für einen Zen Meister. Rōshis im Nanzen ji Die traditionelle Schulung im Zen findet unter einem Rōshi statt, der auch Laie …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rōshi — est un titre honorifique japonais qui signifie « vieux maître ». Dans le bouddhisme Zen, ce titre est particulièrement donné aux moines qui ont réalisé une grande compréhension du Dharma. Portail du bouddhisme …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Rōshi — Zenmeister Hozumi Gensho Rōshi im Zazen, der Sitzmeditation im Zen Buddhismus. Rōshi ist eine respektvolle Anrede, die besonders erfahrenen autorisierten Lehrern im Zen Buddhismus entgegengebracht wird. Rōshi bedeutet übersetzt so viel wie alter… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • roshi — /roh shee/, n. the religious leader of a group of Zen Buddhists. [ < Japn roshi] * * * …   Universalium

  • roshi — ro•shi [[t]ˈroʊ ʃi[/t]] n. ear the religious leader of a group of Zen Buddhists • Etymology: 1930–35; < Japn rōshi …   From formal English to slang

  • Roshi — [ rəʊʃi] noun (plural Roshis) the spiritual leader of a community of Zen Buddhist monks. Origin from Japanese …   English new terms dictionary

  • roshi — /ˈroʊʃi/ (say rohshee) noun the spiritual leader of a group of Zen Buddhists …  

  • roshi — n. (pl. Roshis) the spiritual leader of a community of Zen Buddhist monks. Etymology: Jap …   Useful english dictionary

  • Master Roshi — Infobox animanga character name = Muten Roshi series = Dragon Ball caption = Muten Roshi by Akira Toriyama first = Book 1 (Chapter 3) (Manga) Episode 3 of Dragon Ball (Anime) last = creator = Akira Toriyama voiced by = nickname = alias = Kame… …   Wikipedia

  • Robert Kennedy (roshi) — Infobox Person name = Robert E. Kennedy image size = caption = birth name = birth date = birth place = death date = death place = death cause = resting place = resting place coordinates = residence = nationality = American other names = Harada… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”