Edwin G. Krebs

Edwin G. Krebs

Infobox Scientist
name = Edwin Gerhard Krebs
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caption = Edwin Gerhard Krebs
birth_date = birth date and age|1918|06|06
birth_place = Lansing, Iowa
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nationality = United States
ethnicity =
field = biochemistry
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Edwin Gerhard Krebs (born June 6, 1918) is an American biochemist. He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research and the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize in 1989 together with Alfred Gilman winner of Nobel Prize in medicine in 1994 and, together with his collaborator Edmond H. Fischer, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1992 for describing how reversible phosphorylation works as a switch to activate proteins and regulate various cellular processes.

Krebs was born in Lansing, Iowa, the third child of William Carl Krebs, a Presbyterian minister and Louise Helen (Stegeman) Krebs. The family moved frequently due to the nature of his father's work, though they settled in Greenville, Illinois when Krebs was six and remained there until his father's unexpected death in 1933. Louise Krebs decided to move her family to Urbana, Illinois, where Krebs' elder brothers were attending the University of Illinois. Krebs attended Urbana High School, and enrolled at the University of Illinois in 1936. In his fourth year of study Krebs had decided to either pursue a higher degree in organic chemistry or study medicine. Receiving a scholarship to attend Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, he chose the latter.

The School of Medicine afforded Krebs the opportunity to train as a physician as well as experience in medical research. Following graduation in 1943, he undertook an 18-month residency at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis and then went on active duty as a medical officer in the Navy. Krebs was discharged from the Navy in 1946 and unable to immediately return to hospital work; he was advised to study basic science instead. He chose to study biochemistry and was postdoctoral fellow to Carl and Gerty Cori, working on the interaction of protamine with rabbit muscle phosphorylase. At the completion of his two years' study, Krebs decided to continue his career as a biochemist.

In 1948 Krebs accepted a position as assistant professor of biochemistry at the University of Washington, Seattle. When Edmond H. Fischer arrived at the Department in 1953, the pair decided to work on the enzymology of phosphorylase. During the course of their study they were able to observe mechanism by which interconversion of the two forms of phosphorylase takes place: reversible protein phosphorylation.

Explained simply, reverse protein phosphorylation works like this: a protein kinase moves a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a protein. The shape and the function of the protein is altered enabling it to take part in some biological process. When the protein has completed its role a protein phosphatase removes the phosphate and the protein reverts to its original state. This cycle takes place to control an enormous number of metabolic processes. For the key discovery of reversible protein phosphorylation, Fischer and Krebs were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1992.

Krebs' interest in teaching and administration led him to leave the University of Washington to become the founding chairman of the Department of Biological Chemistry at the University of California, Davis. In 1977 he returned to the University of Washington as Chairman of the Department of Pharmacology. [http://ca.geocities.com/med_1980per/krebs-autobio.html]

References

*Citation
id = PMID:10859071
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10859071
last=Raju
first=T N
publication-date=2000 Jun 3
year=2000
title=The Nobel chronicles. 1992: Edmond H Fischer (b 1920) and Edwin G Krebs (b 1918).
volume=355
issue=9219
periodical=Lancet
pages=2004

*Citation
id = PMID:9759479
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9759479
last=Krebs
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periodical=Annu. Rev. Biochem.
pages=xii-xxxii
doi = 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.0

*Citation
id = PMID:1333946
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1333946
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year=1992
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periodical=Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.
pages=1935-8

*Citation
id = PMID:1485288
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1485288
last=Walaas
first=O
last2=Jahnsen
first2=T
last3=Walaas
first3=S I
last4=Hansson
first4=V
publication-date=1992 Dec 10
year=1992
title= [The 1992 Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine]
volume=112
issue=30
periodical=Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen.
pages=3775

*Citation
id = PMID:1334180
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1334180
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publication-date=1992 Oct 21
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*Citation
id = PMID:2505847
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505847
last=Krebs
first=E G
last2=Fischer
first2=E H
publication-date=1989
year=1989
title=The phosphorylase b to a converting enzyme of rabbit skeletal muscle. 1956.
volume=1000
issue=
periodical=Biochim. Biophys. Acta
pages=302-9

*Hughes, R. 1998. " [http://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns/march98/nobels1.html After the Prize] "
*Krebs, E.G. " [http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1992/krebs-autobio.html Autobiography] "
* [http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/horwitz/ The Official Site of Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize]


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  • Edwin G. Krebs — Edwin Gerhard Krebs (* 6. Juni 1918 in Lansing (am Mississippi River), Iowa, USA) ist ein US amerikanischer Biochemiker. Krebs studierte seit dem Jahr 1936 Medizin und Chemie an der University of Illinois und an der Washington University in St.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Edwin G. Krebs — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Edwin G. Krebs nació en 1918 en Lansing Iowa, Estados Unidos. Estudió Medicina y se doctoró en la Universidad de Washington de Missouri. Consigue la cátedra de Bioquímica de la Universidad de Washington. Trabaja con… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Edwin Gerhard Krebs — (* 6. Juni 1918 in Lansing, Iowa; † 21. Dezember 2009 in Seattle, Washington) war ein US amerikanischer Biochemiker. Krebs studierte seit dem Jahr 1936 Medizin und Chemie an der University of Illinois und an der Washington University in St. Louis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Edwin G. Krebs — nació en 1918 en Lansing Iowa, Estados Unidos. Estudió Medicina y se doctoró en la Universidad de Washington de Missouri. Consigue la cátedra de Bioquímica de la Universidad de Washington. Trabaja con Edmond H. Fischer en diversos aspectos de la… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Edwin G. Krebs — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Krebs. Edwin Krebs Naissance 6 juin 1918 Lansing (États Unis) Décès 21 décembre 2009 …   Wikipédia en Français

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