Exultavit cor nostrum

Exultavit cor nostrum

"Exultavit cor nostrum" is a letter, also known as a Papal bull, from Pope Urban IV to the Mongol Ilkhanate leader Hulagu in 1263/1264.

The letter was evidently in response to a message brought to Urban by John the Hungarian, who claimed to be the Mongol envoy (it was not uncommon for individuals to present themselves as envoys, even when they were not). According to John, Hulagu desired to become a Christian, and requested that Urban send a representative who would help to baptise him.Jackson, 2003, p. 198]

Pope Urban responded with the "Exultavit", which indicated that Urban had heard of Hulagu's sympathies towards Christianity through other sources. Urban cautiously welcomed Hulagu's envoy, and announced that William II of Agen, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, would be investigating further.Jackson, 2005, p. 166]

John the Hungarian

Little is known of John the Hungarian, except that he had some standing in Hulagu's court, was referred to in the "Exultavit", and was possibly the intermediary between Hulagu and the Christians. However, when he arrived to Pope Urban, though John claimed to be Hulagu's envoy, he had no letters of credentials. He reportedly brought a letter written by Hulagu in Maragha on April 10, 1262, dated the Year of the Dog, and John's purpose was to transport the letter to King Louis IX of France. According to the historian Jean Richard, its wording "bore signs of the intermediary of a western scribe, probably the Ilkhan's Latin notary, Rychaldus." The letter followed the usual form of Mongol communications, expecting submission. It also referred to a gift received by the previous envoy Andrew of Longjumeau, and explained that the Mongols had previously thought that the Pope was the leader of the Christian people, until "it had been realized where true power lay among the French." The letter went on to describe previous Mongol campaigns such as against the Assassins, and suggested joint efforts between the Mongols and the Christians against their common enemy, the Egyptian Mamluks. The letter also expressed Hulagu's desire to return Jerusalem to the Christians.Jean Richard, "The Crusades", p. 421] King Louis sent John and the letter along to Pope Urban, and John probably returned to Maragha in late 1262.

ee also

* List of papal bulls

Notes

References

* Peter Jackson, "Mongols and the West", 2005
* Peter Jackson, "Hulagu Khan and the Christians: the making of a myth", "Experience of Crusading: Defining the Crusader Kingdom", Volume 2, 2003
* Jean Richard, "The Crusades: 1071-1291"


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Exultavit cor nostrum — ist der Name zweier päpstlicher Dokumente: Exultavit cor nostrum (Urban IV.), Päpstliche Bulle von Urban IV. Exultavit cor nostrum (Pius IX.); Enzyklika von Pius IX …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Exultavit cor nostrum (Pius IX.) — Exultavit cor nostrum ist eine Enzyklika (21. November 1851) von Papst Pius IX., mit der er damals auf das, zum 25. Dezember 1851, bald beginnende außerordentliche Heiligen Jahr und die zu erwartenden Auswirkungen dieses Jubeljahres einging… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Exultavit cor nostrum (Urban IV.) — Exultavit cor nostrum ist ein Apostolisches Schreiben in Form einer Päpstlichen Bulle und wurde von Papst Urban IV. im Jahre 1263 geschrieben. Dieses war der erste Kontakt mit dem Führer der mongolischen Dynastie Ilchane. Über dieses Schreiben… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Nostrum — may refer to: Air Nostrum is a regional airline based in Valencia, Spain. Exultavit cor nostrum is a papal bull from Urban IV to the Mongol Ilkhanate leader Hulagu in 1263 1264. Mare Nostrum was a Roman name for the Mediterranean Sea. Pascha… …   Wikipedia

  • Gravibus ecclesiae — ist die Enzyklika, mit der Papst Pius IX. am 24. Dezember 1874 das Jahr 1875 zum Heiligen Jahr erklärte. Er legte für das kommende Jubeljahr die Regeln und Feierlichkeit fest und betonte, dass ein Jubeljahr schon immer der Erlösung, der Gnade und …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ex aliis nostris — ist eine Enzyklika vom 21. November 1851, mit der Papst Pius IX. die Normen, die Rahmenbedingungen und die Ablassbestimmungen für das kommende Jubeljahr festlegte. Er berief sich auch auf die ebenfalls am 21. November 1851 veröffentlichte… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Franco-Mongol alliance — 1305 letter (a roll measuring 302 by 50 centimetres (9.91 by 1.6 ft)) from the Ilkhan Mongol Öljaitü to King Philip IV of France, suggesting military collaboration …   Wikipedia

  • William II of Agen — (also known as Guillaume d Agen) was the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem from 1261 1270. Among other things, he was tasked by Pope Urban IV in 1263 by the papal bull Exultavit cor nostrum to investigate the legitimacy of an alleged ambassador with… …   Wikipedia

  • Amantissimi redemptoris — ist eine Enzyklika von Papst Pius IX., sie wurde am 3. Mai 1858 veröffentlicht und trägt den Untertitel „Über die Priester und die Sorge für die Seelen“. Pius IX. beschreibt die große innere Gabe und Ehre, die den Priestern mit der Feier des… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Amantissimus — Die Enzyklika Amantissimus von Papst Pius IX. richtete sich an die Bischöfe der östlichen Kirchen. Mit diesem am 8. April 1862 erlassenen Apostolischen Rundschreiben mahnte der Papst die Einheit der östlichen mit der katholischen Kirchen an. Um… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”